Motor de tabela Hive

O motor Hive permite executar consultas SELECT em tabelas Hive no HDFS.

O motor Hive permite executar consultas SELECT em tabelas Hive no HDFS. Atualmente, ele oferece suporte aos seguintes formatos de entrada:

• Text: oferece suporte apenas a tipos de coluna escalares simples, exceto binary

• ORC: oferece suporte a tipos de coluna escalares simples, exceto char; oferece suporte apenas a tipos complexos como array

• Parquet: oferece suporte a todos os tipos de coluna escalares simples; oferece suporte apenas a tipos complexos como array

​

Criando uma tabela

CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] [db.]table_name [ON CLUSTER cluster]
(
    name1 [type1] [ALIAS expr1],
    name2 [type2] [ALIAS expr2],
    ...
) ENGINE = Hive('thrift://host:port', 'database', 'table')
PARTITION BY expr

Veja uma descrição detalhada da consulta CREATE TABLE.

A estrutura da tabela pode ser diferente da estrutura da tabela Hive original:

• Os nomes das colunas devem ser os mesmos da tabela Hive original, mas você pode usar apenas algumas delas, em qualquer ordem; também pode usar colunas com alias calculadas a partir de outras colunas.
• Os tipos das colunas devem ser os mesmos da tabela Hive original.
• A expressão de particionamento deve ser compatível com a da tabela Hive original, e as colunas usadas nessa expressão devem estar na estrutura da tabela.

Parâmetros do motor

• thrift://host:port — endereço do Hive Metastore

• database — nome do banco de dados remoto.

• table — nome da tabela remota.

​

Exemplo de uso

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Como usar cache local para o sistema de arquivos HDFS

Recomendamos fortemente que você habilite o cache local para sistemas de arquivos remotos. O benchmark mostra que, com cache, ele é quase 2x mais rápido.

Antes de usar o cache, adicione-o ao config.xml

<local_cache_for_remote_fs>
    <enable>true</enable>
    <root_dir>local_cache</root_dir>
    <limit_size>559096952</limit_size>
    <bytes_read_before_flush>1048576</bytes_read_before_flush>
</local_cache_for_remote_fs>

• enable: O ClickHouse manterá um cache local para o sistema de arquivos remoto (HDFS) após a inicialização se true.
• root_dir: Obrigatório. O diretório raiz para armazenar os arquivos de cache local do sistema de arquivos remoto.
• limit_size: Obrigatório. O tamanho máximo (em bytes) dos arquivos de cache local.
• bytes_read_before_flush: Controla a quantidade de bytes antes do flush para o sistema de arquivos local ao baixar um arquivo do sistema de arquivos remoto. O valor padrão é 1 MB.

​

Consultar tabela do Hive com formato de entrada ORC

​

Criar tabela no Hive

hive > CREATE TABLE `test`.`test_orc`(
`f_tinyint` tinyint,
`f_smallint` smallint,
`f_int` int,
`f_integer` int,
`f_bigint` bigint,
`f_float` float,
`f_double` double,
`f_decimal` decimal(10,0),
`f_timestamp` timestamp,
`f_date` date,
`f_string` string,
`f_varchar` varchar(100),
`f_bool` boolean,
`f_binary` binary,
`f_array_int` array<int>,
`f_array_string` array<string>,
`f_array_float` array<float>,
`f_array_array_int` array<array<int>>,
`f_array_array_string` array<array<string>>,
`f_array_array_float` array<array<float>>)
PARTITIONED BY (
`day` string)
ROW FORMAT SERDE
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSerde'
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcInputFormat'
OUTPUTFORMAT
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcOutputFormat'
LOCATION
  'hdfs://testcluster/data/hive/test.db/test_orc'

OK
Time taken: 0.51 seconds

hive > insert into test.test_orc partition(day='2021-09-18') select 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.11, 7.22, 8.333, current_timestamp(), current_date(), 'hello world', 'hello world', 'hello world', true, 'hello world', array(1, 2, 3), array('hello world', 'hello world'), array(float(1.1), float(1.2)), array(array(1, 2), array(3, 4)), array(array('a', 'b'), array('c', 'd')), array(array(float(1.11), float(2.22)), array(float(3.33), float(4.44)));
OK
Time taken: 36.025 seconds

hive > select * from test.test_orc;
OK
1    2    3    4    5    6.11    7.22    8    2021-11-05 12:38:16.314    2021-11-05    hello world    hello world    hello world                                                                                             true    hello world    [1,2,3]    ["hello world","hello world"]    [1.1,1.2]    [[1,2],[3,4]]    [["a","b"],["c","d"]]    [[1.11,2.22],[3.33,4.44]]    2021-09-18
Time taken: 0.295 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

​

Criar tabela no ClickHouse

Tabela no ClickHouse que recupera dados da tabela do Hive criada acima:

CREATE TABLE test.test_orc
(
    `f_tinyint` Int8,
    `f_smallint` Int16,
    `f_int` Int32,
    `f_integer` Int32,
    `f_bigint` Int64,
    `f_float` Float32,
    `f_double` Float64,
    `f_decimal` Float64,
    `f_timestamp` DateTime,
    `f_date` Date,
    `f_string` String,
    `f_varchar` String,
    `f_bool` Bool,
    `f_binary` String,
    `f_array_int` Array(Int32),
    `f_array_string` Array(String),
    `f_array_float` Array(Float32),
    `f_array_array_int` Array(Array(Int32)),
    `f_array_array_string` Array(Array(String)),
    `f_array_array_float` Array(Array(Float32)),
    `day` String
)
ENGINE = Hive('thrift://202.168.117.26:9083', 'test', 'test_orc')
PARTITION BY day

SELECT * FROM test.test_orc settings input_format_orc_allow_missing_columns = 1\G

SELECT *
FROM test.test_orc
SETTINGS input_format_orc_allow_missing_columns = 1

Query id: c3eaffdc-78ab-43cd-96a4-4acc5b480658

Row 1:
──────
f_tinyint:            1
f_smallint:           2
f_int:                3
f_integer:            4
f_bigint:             5
f_float:              6.11
f_double:             7.22
f_decimal:            8
f_timestamp:          2021-12-04 04:00:44
f_date:               2021-12-03
f_string:             hello world
f_varchar:            hello world
f_bool:               true
f_binary:             hello world
f_array_int:          [1,2,3]
f_array_string:       ['hello world','hello world']
f_array_float:        [1.1,1.2]
f_array_array_int:    [[1,2],[3,4]]
f_array_array_string: [['a','b'],['c','d']]
f_array_array_float:  [[1.11,2.22],[3.33,4.44]]
day:                  2021-09-18

1 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.078 sec.

​

Consultar uma tabela do Hive usando o formato de entrada Parquet

​

Criar tabela no Hive

hive >
CREATE TABLE `test`.`test_parquet`(
`f_tinyint` tinyint,
`f_smallint` smallint,
`f_int` int,
`f_integer` int,
`f_bigint` bigint,
`f_float` float,
`f_double` double,
`f_decimal` decimal(10,0),
`f_timestamp` timestamp,
`f_date` date,
`f_string` string,
`f_varchar` varchar(100),
`f_char` char(100),
`f_bool` boolean,
`f_binary` binary,
`f_array_int` array<int>,
`f_array_string` array<string>,
`f_array_float` array<float>,
`f_array_array_int` array<array<int>>,
`f_array_array_string` array<array<string>>,
`f_array_array_float` array<array<float>>)
PARTITIONED BY (
`day` string)
ROW FORMAT SERDE
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.parquet.serde.ParquetHiveSerDe'
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.parquet.MapredParquetInputFormat'
OUTPUTFORMAT
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.parquet.MapredParquetOutputFormat'
LOCATION
  'hdfs://testcluster/data/hive/test.db/test_parquet'
OK
Time taken: 0.51 seconds

hive >  insert into test.test_parquet partition(day='2021-09-18') select 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.11, 7.22, 8.333, current_timestamp(), current_date(), 'hello world', 'hello world', 'hello world', true, 'hello world', array(1, 2, 3), array('hello world', 'hello world'), array(float(1.1), float(1.2)), array(array(1, 2), array(3, 4)), array(array('a', 'b'), array('c', 'd')), array(array(float(1.11), float(2.22)), array(float(3.33), float(4.44)));
OK
Time taken: 36.025 seconds

hive > select * from test.test_parquet;
OK
1    2    3    4    5    6.11    7.22    8    2021-12-14 17:54:56.743    2021-12-14    hello world    hello world    hello world                                                                                             true    hello world    [1,2,3]    ["hello world","hello world"]    [1.1,1.2]    [[1,2],[3,4]]    [["a","b"],["c","d"]]    [[1.11,2.22],[3.33,4.44]]    2021-09-18
Time taken: 0.766 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

​

Criar tabela no ClickHouse

Tabela no ClickHouse que recupera dados da tabela do Hive criada acima:

CREATE TABLE test.test_parquet
(
    `f_tinyint` Int8,
    `f_smallint` Int16,
    `f_int` Int32,
    `f_integer` Int32,
    `f_bigint` Int64,
    `f_float` Float32,
    `f_double` Float64,
    `f_decimal` Float64,
    `f_timestamp` DateTime,
    `f_date` Date,
    `f_string` String,
    `f_varchar` String,
    `f_char` String,
    `f_bool` Bool,
    `f_binary` String,
    `f_array_int` Array(Int32),
    `f_array_string` Array(String),
    `f_array_float` Array(Float32),
    `f_array_array_int` Array(Array(Int32)),
    `f_array_array_string` Array(Array(String)),
    `f_array_array_float` Array(Array(Float32)),
    `day` String
)
ENGINE = Hive('thrift://localhost:9083', 'test', 'test_parquet')
PARTITION BY day

SELECT * FROM test.test_parquet settings input_format_parquet_allow_missing_columns = 1\G

SELECT *
FROM test_parquet
SETTINGS input_format_parquet_allow_missing_columns = 1

Query id: 4e35cf02-c7b2-430d-9b81-16f438e5fca9

Row 1:
──────
f_tinyint:            1
f_smallint:           2
f_int:                3
f_integer:            4
f_bigint:             5
f_float:              6.11
f_double:             7.22
f_decimal:            8
f_timestamp:          2021-12-14 17:54:56
f_date:               2021-12-14
f_string:             hello world
f_varchar:            hello world
f_char:               hello world
f_bool:               true
f_binary:             hello world
f_array_int:          [1,2,3]
f_array_string:       ['hello world','hello world']
f_array_float:        [1.1,1.2]
f_array_array_int:    [[1,2],[3,4]]
f_array_array_string: [['a','b'],['c','d']]
f_array_array_float:  [[1.11,2.22],[3.33,4.44]]
day:                  2021-09-18

1 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.357 sec.

​

Consultar tabela do Hive usando o formato de entrada Text

​

Criar tabela no Hive

hive >
CREATE TABLE `test`.`test_text`(
`f_tinyint` tinyint,
`f_smallint` smallint,
`f_int` int,
`f_integer` int,
`f_bigint` bigint,
`f_float` float,
`f_double` double,
`f_decimal` decimal(10,0),
`f_timestamp` timestamp,
`f_date` date,
`f_string` string,
`f_varchar` varchar(100),
`f_char` char(100),
`f_bool` boolean,
`f_binary` binary,
`f_array_int` array<int>,
`f_array_string` array<string>,
`f_array_float` array<float>,
`f_array_array_int` array<array<int>>,
`f_array_array_string` array<array<string>>,
`f_array_array_float` array<array<float>>)
PARTITIONED BY (
`day` string)
ROW FORMAT SERDE
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe'
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT
'org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat'
OUTPUTFORMAT
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat'
LOCATION
  'hdfs://testcluster/data/hive/test.db/test_text'
Time taken: 0.1 seconds, Fetched: 34 row(s)

hive >  insert into test.test_text partition(day='2021-09-18') select 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.11, 7.22, 8.333, current_timestamp(), current_date(), 'hello world', 'hello world', 'hello world', true, 'hello world', array(1, 2, 3), array('hello world', 'hello world'), array(float(1.1), float(1.2)), array(array(1, 2), array(3, 4)), array(array('a', 'b'), array('c', 'd')), array(array(float(1.11), float(2.22)), array(float(3.33), float(4.44)));
OK
Time taken: 36.025 seconds

hive > select * from test.test_text;
OK
1    2    3    4    5    6.11    7.22    8    2021-12-14 18:11:17.239    2021-12-14    hello world    hello world    hello world                                                                                             true    hello world    [1,2,3]    ["hello world","hello world"]    [1.1,1.2]    [[1,2],[3,4]]    [["a","b"],["c","d"]]    [[1.11,2.22],[3.33,4.44]]    2021-09-18
Time taken: 0.624 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

​

Criar tabela no ClickHouse

Tabela no ClickHouse que recupera dados da tabela do Hive criada acima:

CREATE TABLE test.test_text
(
    `f_tinyint` Int8,
    `f_smallint` Int16,
    `f_int` Int32,
    `f_integer` Int32,
    `f_bigint` Int64,
    `f_float` Float32,
    `f_double` Float64,
    `f_decimal` Float64,
    `f_timestamp` DateTime,
    `f_date` Date,
    `f_string` String,
    `f_varchar` String,
    `f_char` String,
    `f_bool` Bool,
    `day` String
)
ENGINE = Hive('thrift://localhost:9083', 'test', 'test_text')
PARTITION BY day

SELECT * FROM test.test_text settings input_format_skip_unknown_fields = 1, input_format_with_names_use_header = 1, date_time_input_format = 'best_effort'\G

SELECT *
FROM test.test_text
SETTINGS input_format_skip_unknown_fields = 1, input_format_with_names_use_header = 1, date_time_input_format = 'best_effort'

Query id: 55b79d35-56de-45b9-8be6-57282fbf1f44

Row 1:
──────
f_tinyint:   1
f_smallint:  2
f_int:       3
f_integer:   4
f_bigint:    5
f_float:     6.11
f_double:    7.22
f_decimal:   8
f_timestamp: 2021-12-14 18:11:17
f_date:      2021-12-14
f_string:    hello world
f_varchar:   hello world
f_char:      hello world
f_bool:      true
day:         2021-09-18